Annotated Bibliography
Works Cited
Dimock, Marshall. "Creativity." Public Administration Review, vol. 46, no. 1, 1986, pp. 3–7. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/975436. Accessed 14 Feb. 2020. Without a clear understanding of what creativity is, high-tech societies will more likely lose the capacity to define problems in the first place, and instead increase their capacity to solve well-defined technological problems. They lose touch of how to think creatively about the problem at its core, and focus on the problems which are easiest to define, but often are not the most critical. More than anything, creativity ensures survival. When thinking about creativity, it is important to understand social factors. Those who have the most control and authority can determine the potential for creativity and whether it is encouraged or discouraged. While there are both inner and outer influences, creativity can serve as a reflection of both individual effort, and social structures that allow the capacity to produce creative results.
This article is important to my research because it discusses the important role creativity has played in society, and what will happen if they don't understand the value of creativity. It also highlights the importance in recognizing the social factors that influence creativity, which can allow us to understand why the manifestations of creativity are so varied all over the world. It provides information about the inner and outer influences of creativity, and the tension between bureaucratic control and freedom of self-expression. All of these ideas relate to my question of the source of creativity, and determine how creativity is manifested in society.
Moran, Seana. "The Roles of Creativity in Society." The Cambridge Handbook of Creativity, 2009, www.academia.edu/1327945/The_roles_of_creativity_in_society. Accessed 13 Feb. 2020. Creativity has two broad roles in society. The improvement role focuses on the large-scale impacts on society. The other, known as the expression role, impacts the creator individually. When these two roles of creativity interact, the individual and societal purposes become complementary and actually work together to help advance our world. Creativity is often used with the goal of improving the future. Gardner (1993) argued that creativity is amoral, because the consequences can be truly helpful or harmful. An example would be horrifying Nazi scientific experiments, improved warfare technology, which both lead to destruction and devastation, but were still examples of creativity. When a creative manifestation is introduced to society, we cannot know its ripple effects, so we must always remind ourselves of the connection between creativity and moral responsibility.
This source is important because it addresses the roles of creativity in society. It provides information on the individual and societal purposes of creativity and how they interact with each other to shape our world. By examining why we are creative, we can form a better connection between creativity and the future. This source helped me gain information about the different societal roles of creativity and how they interact. This source also looks at the ethics of creativity, and provides information about the negative or harmful effects of irresponsible or destructive creativity. This source has given me new insight into the elusive and sometimes dangerous connection between creativity and morality.
Saebø, Aud Berggraf, et al. "Creative Teaching - Teaching Creativity." Caribbean Quarterly, vol. 53, no. 1/2, 2007, pp. 205–215. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/40654985. Accessed 14 Feb. 2020. The concept of creativity has been emphasized in education all over the world in the past century. This is due to the need of creative and innovative thinkers in industrial nations, specifically where more traditional jobs are being outsourced. It is also because increasing a student's creativity is known to increase their ability to learn in a wide range of educational subjects. Creativity is difficult to define because it is personal and elusive. It can be defined as imaginative activity which producises original and valuable outcomes. The focus on creativity in education is not new, and research on creativity in the education system has developed in many different ways. In the 1950's, the focus was on the "genius" and gifted students, and in the 60's it was based on test scores of creative cognition. In the 70's it shifted to connecting creativity with imaginativeness, and since the 80's, it has shifted towards understanding the nature of creativity and how to measure it. Creativity is a state of mind, in which all forms of intelligence work together. Creative content must be original and new. There are three degrees of this: individual, social, and universal. The characteristics of creative people include being flexible, unorthodox, connecting ideas, questioning accepted structures or ways of doing things.
This source is important to my research because I want to know whether creativity is able to be taught and learned, or if it something that exists purely because of how a person's brain works. Since creativity is so important to the human species and advancement of societies, it is important to understand how to promote it in the education system. It covers the history of creativity in education, and how it emerged and evolved in several different stages. This article provides an educational perspective on the concept of creativity and helped me understand the importance of integrating creative thought into the classroom. It also includes traits of naturally creative people and other helpful information.
Shi, Baoguo et al. "Different brain structures associated with artistic and scientific creativity: a voxel-based morphometry study." Scientific reports vol. 7 42911. 21 Feb. 2017, doi:10.1038/srep42911 Creativity is defined as the ability to produce original, unusual, valuable, and flexible ideas or behaviors which often challenge or override an established mental habit. As our society has grown increasingly more complex, it plays a more crucial role than ever before. The study of creativity is essential in understanding the future of humankind, as creativity is the driving force behind social progress. It is one of humankind's most defining characteristics and influences all aspects of life. Studies indicate that the anterior cingulate cortex is the part of the brain responsible for creative cognition, and that artistic creativity is associated with the right lateral prefrontal cortex. While studies of scientific creativity have been rare, researchers have tried to explore the neural processes of Albert Einstein's brain, as he is regarded as one of the most creative scientific geniuses of all time. Scientists found that Einstein's parietal cortex was 15% wider than that of the average brain, and this may be responsible for his high creativity.
This source is useful to my research because it provides a thorough definition of creativity and provides scientific information about where creativity originates in the brain. It includes scientific studies about which parts of the brain are responsible for creativity, both artistic and scientific. Understanding the neuroscience behind creativity is crucial in my exploration, and this source provided clear, scientific information about it. Additionally, it investigates why understanding creativity is so important, and the crucial role creativity has played in the development of society. Understanding creativity and its neurological origin can help us understand why some people are more creative than others, and how to evaluate artistic and scientific creativity.
Zaidel, Dahlia W. "Creativity, Brain, and Art: Biological and Neurological Considerations." Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2 June 2014, doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00389. Accessed 12 Feb. 2020. The human capacity for creativity has been tremendously adaptive for society and individuals. It can be defined as the introduction of something innovative and positive for society, that is beyond the familiar and accepted. Throughout history, evolution has favored the positive social aspects of creativity. Art is one example of a manifestation of creativity that has promoted cohesion and survival. It originated and still is a communication system, practiced only by humans, that was essential when early human groups were growing in complexity and size. The fact that humans have long displayed their capacity for creativity through art reveals many things about cognition and cultural practices. Additionally, creative cognition was initially driven by survival needs. Animals capable of being innovative are driven by their biological need for survival, and this could have been passed down to humans and are now mixed with distinctively human creative capacities. Studying and comparing creativity in animal brains can help us understand where creativity in humans originated. Research has indicated that the cortical association areas are important for innovative birds. Comparing this to the human brain, scientists see similarity in how this area is partly responsible for innovative and creative cognition.
This source offers a valuable summary of what creativity is and how it has been essential to society. It also shows how studying animal brains can tell us valuable information about where creativity in humans originally evolved. Comparing how creativity works in animal and human brains can help us understand how creativity has developed evolutionarily, as well as where the human brain is unique in terms of its creative capacity. This article also provides valuable information about the initial causes of creativity, which were due to survival needs. Our creativity exists because of our instinctual nature and biological needs for survival. This article provides meaningful information about how to study our brains in relation to animal brains, as well as why it evolved and was fundamental to our survival.
Dimock, Marshall. "Creativity." Public Administration Review, vol. 46, no. 1, 1986, pp. 3–7. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/975436. Accessed 14 Feb. 2020. Without a clear understanding of what creativity is, high-tech societies will more likely lose the capacity to define problems in the first place, and instead increase their capacity to solve well-defined technological problems. They lose touch of how to think creatively about the problem at its core, and focus on the problems which are easiest to define, but often are not the most critical. More than anything, creativity ensures survival. When thinking about creativity, it is important to understand social factors. Those who have the most control and authority can determine the potential for creativity and whether it is encouraged or discouraged. While there are both inner and outer influences, creativity can serve as a reflection of both individual effort, and social structures that allow the capacity to produce creative results.
This article is important to my research because it discusses the important role creativity has played in society, and what will happen if they don't understand the value of creativity. It also highlights the importance in recognizing the social factors that influence creativity, which can allow us to understand why the manifestations of creativity are so varied all over the world. It provides information about the inner and outer influences of creativity, and the tension between bureaucratic control and freedom of self-expression. All of these ideas relate to my question of the source of creativity, and determine how creativity is manifested in society.
Moran, Seana. "The Roles of Creativity in Society." The Cambridge Handbook of Creativity, 2009, www.academia.edu/1327945/The_roles_of_creativity_in_society. Accessed 13 Feb. 2020. Creativity has two broad roles in society. The improvement role focuses on the large-scale impacts on society. The other, known as the expression role, impacts the creator individually. When these two roles of creativity interact, the individual and societal purposes become complementary and actually work together to help advance our world. Creativity is often used with the goal of improving the future. Gardner (1993) argued that creativity is amoral, because the consequences can be truly helpful or harmful. An example would be horrifying Nazi scientific experiments, improved warfare technology, which both lead to destruction and devastation, but were still examples of creativity. When a creative manifestation is introduced to society, we cannot know its ripple effects, so we must always remind ourselves of the connection between creativity and moral responsibility.
This source is important because it addresses the roles of creativity in society. It provides information on the individual and societal purposes of creativity and how they interact with each other to shape our world. By examining why we are creative, we can form a better connection between creativity and the future. This source helped me gain information about the different societal roles of creativity and how they interact. This source also looks at the ethics of creativity, and provides information about the negative or harmful effects of irresponsible or destructive creativity. This source has given me new insight into the elusive and sometimes dangerous connection between creativity and morality.
Saebø, Aud Berggraf, et al. "Creative Teaching - Teaching Creativity." Caribbean Quarterly, vol. 53, no. 1/2, 2007, pp. 205–215. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/40654985. Accessed 14 Feb. 2020. The concept of creativity has been emphasized in education all over the world in the past century. This is due to the need of creative and innovative thinkers in industrial nations, specifically where more traditional jobs are being outsourced. It is also because increasing a student's creativity is known to increase their ability to learn in a wide range of educational subjects. Creativity is difficult to define because it is personal and elusive. It can be defined as imaginative activity which producises original and valuable outcomes. The focus on creativity in education is not new, and research on creativity in the education system has developed in many different ways. In the 1950's, the focus was on the "genius" and gifted students, and in the 60's it was based on test scores of creative cognition. In the 70's it shifted to connecting creativity with imaginativeness, and since the 80's, it has shifted towards understanding the nature of creativity and how to measure it. Creativity is a state of mind, in which all forms of intelligence work together. Creative content must be original and new. There are three degrees of this: individual, social, and universal. The characteristics of creative people include being flexible, unorthodox, connecting ideas, questioning accepted structures or ways of doing things.
This source is important to my research because I want to know whether creativity is able to be taught and learned, or if it something that exists purely because of how a person's brain works. Since creativity is so important to the human species and advancement of societies, it is important to understand how to promote it in the education system. It covers the history of creativity in education, and how it emerged and evolved in several different stages. This article provides an educational perspective on the concept of creativity and helped me understand the importance of integrating creative thought into the classroom. It also includes traits of naturally creative people and other helpful information.
Shi, Baoguo et al. "Different brain structures associated with artistic and scientific creativity: a voxel-based morphometry study." Scientific reports vol. 7 42911. 21 Feb. 2017, doi:10.1038/srep42911 Creativity is defined as the ability to produce original, unusual, valuable, and flexible ideas or behaviors which often challenge or override an established mental habit. As our society has grown increasingly more complex, it plays a more crucial role than ever before. The study of creativity is essential in understanding the future of humankind, as creativity is the driving force behind social progress. It is one of humankind's most defining characteristics and influences all aspects of life. Studies indicate that the anterior cingulate cortex is the part of the brain responsible for creative cognition, and that artistic creativity is associated with the right lateral prefrontal cortex. While studies of scientific creativity have been rare, researchers have tried to explore the neural processes of Albert Einstein's brain, as he is regarded as one of the most creative scientific geniuses of all time. Scientists found that Einstein's parietal cortex was 15% wider than that of the average brain, and this may be responsible for his high creativity.
This source is useful to my research because it provides a thorough definition of creativity and provides scientific information about where creativity originates in the brain. It includes scientific studies about which parts of the brain are responsible for creativity, both artistic and scientific. Understanding the neuroscience behind creativity is crucial in my exploration, and this source provided clear, scientific information about it. Additionally, it investigates why understanding creativity is so important, and the crucial role creativity has played in the development of society. Understanding creativity and its neurological origin can help us understand why some people are more creative than others, and how to evaluate artistic and scientific creativity.
Zaidel, Dahlia W. "Creativity, Brain, and Art: Biological and Neurological Considerations." Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2 June 2014, doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00389. Accessed 12 Feb. 2020. The human capacity for creativity has been tremendously adaptive for society and individuals. It can be defined as the introduction of something innovative and positive for society, that is beyond the familiar and accepted. Throughout history, evolution has favored the positive social aspects of creativity. Art is one example of a manifestation of creativity that has promoted cohesion and survival. It originated and still is a communication system, practiced only by humans, that was essential when early human groups were growing in complexity and size. The fact that humans have long displayed their capacity for creativity through art reveals many things about cognition and cultural practices. Additionally, creative cognition was initially driven by survival needs. Animals capable of being innovative are driven by their biological need for survival, and this could have been passed down to humans and are now mixed with distinctively human creative capacities. Studying and comparing creativity in animal brains can help us understand where creativity in humans originated. Research has indicated that the cortical association areas are important for innovative birds. Comparing this to the human brain, scientists see similarity in how this area is partly responsible for innovative and creative cognition.
This source offers a valuable summary of what creativity is and how it has been essential to society. It also shows how studying animal brains can tell us valuable information about where creativity in humans originally evolved. Comparing how creativity works in animal and human brains can help us understand how creativity has developed evolutionarily, as well as where the human brain is unique in terms of its creative capacity. This article also provides valuable information about the initial causes of creativity, which were due to survival needs. Our creativity exists because of our instinctual nature and biological needs for survival. This article provides meaningful information about how to study our brains in relation to animal brains, as well as why it evolved and was fundamental to our survival.